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Freight Class Calculator

Estimate LTL freight density and the corresponding class on NMFTA’s current 13-subprovision full-density scale. Enter the shipment’s weight, number of identical handling units, and greatest outer dimensions as tendered. The result is a density-based estimate only; the correct NMFC item, handling, stowability, liability, carrier tariffs, and other rules can affect the actual classification.

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Built and maintained by Umer Farooq, founder & developer of CalcsDone
Last updated: September 20, 2026
Quick answer

Density is shipment weight divided by cubic feet. For a handling unit measured in inches, cubage is greatest length × greatest width × greatest height ÷ 1,728. This calculator then maps density to NMFTA’s current 13-band full-density scale, which took effect with the major July 19, 2025 NMFC changes for applicable commodities.

Enter Shipment Details
Density formula: Weight ÷ (L × W × H ÷ 1728) = lbs/cu ft
Weight & unit count (required)
lbs
Pallet / carton dimensions (required)
in
in
in
Load a sample shipment
Total weight
Total volume
Density
Estimated freight class
Enter weight, unit count, and dimensions to begin

Interactive step-by-step proof

  1. Enter values above to see the calculation unfold step by step.
Density-based estimate, not an official NMFC classification. The current NMFC uses a standardized 13-subprovision density scale for applicable commodities without unusual or significant handling, stowability, or liability concerns. Other commodities may classify differently, and carrier tariffs may apply. Measure the greatest straight-line dimensions, including projections, as tendered to the carrier. Confirm the NMFC item and final class with NMFTA/ClassIT+ and your carrier before rating or booking. Calculations run locally in your browser.
Why use this calculator

Estimate LTL Density Before Checking the NMFC Item

Use the current density bands

The calculator uses NMFTA’s 13-subprovision full-density scale: less than 1 PCF maps to Class 400 and 50 PCF or more maps to Class 50, with 11 bands between them.

Measure the handling unit as shipped

NMFTA defines cubage from the greatest straight-line length, width and height, including projections, as the handling unit is tendered to the carrier.

Separate density from official classification

Density is central to the modern NMFC, but handling, stowability and liability remain classification characteristics. The correct NMFC item still matters.

Check carrier-specific rules

NMFTA describes the NMFC as a voluntary industry standard. A carrier’s published tariff or other applicable rules can affect rating and classification.

How it works

How the Freight Density Estimate Is Calculated

The arithmetic follows NMFTA’s published density method and current full-density class bands.

Step 1 — determine cubage

For each identical handling unit, multiply greatest length × width × height in inches and divide by 1,728 to convert cubic inches to cubic feet.

Step 2 — calculate density

Multiply weight and cubage by the number of identical units, then divide total weight by total cubic feet. When all units are identical, unit count does not change density.

Step 3 — map to the 13-band scale

The current full-density scale uses Class 400, 300, 250, 175, 125, 100, 92.5, 85, 70, 65, 60, 55 and 50.

Step 4 — verify the commodity

The density result is not enough to identify the authoritative class for every commodity. Check the applicable NMFC item and any handling, stowability or liability provisions.

Worked examples

Freight Density and Class Examples

These examples use the current NMFTA 13-band full-density scale. They are density-based estimates, not commodity-specific NMFC determinations.

Example 1

500 lb pallet, 48 × 40 × 48 in

Cubage53.33 ft³
Density9.38 PCF
Current density band8 to <10 PCF
Density-based class
Class 100

Takeaway: this example remains Class 100 under the current full-density scale.

Example 2

50 identical 2 lb boxes, 12 × 12 × 12 in

Total cubage50.00 ft³
Total weight100 lb
Density2.00 PCF
Density-based class
Class 250

Takeaway: under the current scale, exactly 2.00 PCF falls in the 2 to <4 PCF band, Class 250—not Class 300.

Example 3

900 lb handling unit, 36 × 36 × 36 in

Cubage27.00 ft³
Density33.33 PCF
Current density band30 to <35 PCF
Density-based class
Class 60

Takeaway: confirm the actual commodity’s NMFC item before using this estimate for a shipment.

Common mistakes & edge cases

Freight Density Mistakes to Avoid

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Using an old pre-July-2025 density table

NMFTA’s major changes took effect July 19, 2025. The standardized full-density structure now uses 13 bands, so older 18-class density lookup tables can return different answers.

!

Measuring only the product

Use the greatest straight-line dimensions of the handling unit as tendered, including projections and the shipping configuration.

!

Treating density as the official class for every commodity

Handling, stowability and liability can matter, and the applicable NMFC item must still be identified.

!

Entering non-identical units as if they were identical

This calculator’s unit-count field assumes each unit has the same weight and dimensions. Mixed handling units should be cubed and weighed separately before totals are combined.

!

Ignoring carrier tariffs

NMFTA describes NMFC as a voluntary standard. Carrier-specific published tariffs or other applicable rules can affect how a shipment is rated.

FAQ

Freight Class Calculator FAQ

What density scale does this calculator use?

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It uses NMFTA’s current 13-subprovision full-density scale for applicable commodities: less than 1 PCF is Class 400; 1 to under 2 is 300; 2 to under 4 is 250; 4 to under 6 is 175; 6 to under 8 is 125; 8 to under 10 is 100; 10 to under 12 is 92.5; 12 to under 15 is 85; 15 to under 22.5 is 70; 22.5 to under 30 is 65; 30 to under 35 is 60; 35 to under 50 is 55; and 50 or more is 50.

Is density the only factor in NMFC classification?

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No. NMFTA identifies density, handling, stowability and liability as the four transportation characteristics used in classification. Density is of prime importance when unusual or significant concerns in the other characteristics are absent.

How should I measure a pallet or handling unit?

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NMFTA says to use the greatest straight-line dimensions of length, width and height in inches, including projections, as the handling unit is tendered to the carrier.

Why can an old freight calculator give a different class?

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Major NMFC changes took effect July 19, 2025 and introduced the standardized 13-band full-density structure for many applicable items. Older density lookup tables may therefore produce obsolete estimates.

Does multiplying identical units change density?

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No. If every unit truly has identical weight and dimensions, total weight and total cubage increase by the same factor, so density remains unchanged.

Is the calculator’s result an official freight class?

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No. It is a density-based estimate. Confirm the applicable NMFC item, special handling/stowability/liability provisions and carrier rules through current NMFTA/ClassIT+ information and your carrier.
Sources & methodology

Freight Density & NMFC References

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About This Calculator

Built and maintained by Umer Farooq, founder and developer of CalcsDone. The calculator exposes the density formula, current lookup bands, worked examples and source links so the method can be checked independently. See the CalcsDone Methodology or contact us if you spot an issue.

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